Enyanjura y'ebihandiiko bitari bimwe na bimwe

UL [Amerika ey’Oburugwa-izooba].

UL n’ekigambo ekikye eky’ekitongore kya Underwriter Laboratories Inc. omuri Amerika. Ekitongore kya UL Safety Testing Laboratory nikyo kiine obushoboorozi omu ihanga rya America kandi n’ekimwe aha bitongore by’omuntu buntu ebihango omu nsi yoona ebirikukora aha kukyebera n’okushwijuma eby’okwerinda. Ni ekitongore ky’obukugu ekiine obugabe, ekirikukorera sente kandi ekirikukyebera oburinzi bw’abantu. Nikikozesa emiringo y‘okugyezesa eya sayansi kwega n‘okureeba yaaba ebintu bitari bimwe na bimwe, eby‘okukoresa, ebintu, eby‘okukoresa, ebyombeko, n‘ebindi biine akabi aha magara n‘ebintu n‘obuhango bw‘akabi; n‘okucwamu, okuteerana, n‘okushohoza emitindo n‘ebintu ebirikuhikaana ebirikuhwera kukyendeeza n‘okuzibira okufeerwa kw‘amagara n‘ebintu, kandi omu bwire nibwo bumwe n‘okukora bizinesi y‘okucondooza okurikukwata aha mazima. UL certification n’ekihandiiko ekitari ky’obujunaanizibwa omu America, ekirikukira kuta omutima aha kugyezaho n’okuhamya emirimo y’obukuumi bw’ebintu, kandi ekicweka kyakyo eky’okuhamya tikirimu emitwarize ya EMC (Electromagnetic Compatibility) y’ebintu.

UL orusa

Omubugufu, nikikira kukora aha kuha orusa rw’obukuumi bw’ebintu n’eby’obushuubuzi bw’okuha orusa rw’obukuumi bw’okukora. Ekigyendererwa kyayo ekikuru n‘okutunga ebintu ebiine omutindo gw‘obukuumi gw‘amaani ahabw‘akatare n‘okuhwera omu kureeba ngu amagara g‘omuntu n‘obukuumi bw‘ebintu byagumaho. Aha bikwatiraine n’okuhamya oburinzi bw’ebintu nk’omuringo murungi gw’okumaraho ebizibu by’eby’obuhangwa omu by’obushuubuzi bw’ensi yoona, UL nayo neekora omurimo murungi omu kutunguura entunguuka y’obushuubuzi bw’ensi yoona.

UL neekira kukora aha kuha ebipapura by’obukuumi bw’ebintu n’eby’obushuubuzi bw’okuha ebipapura by’obukuumi bw’okukora. Ekigyendererwa kyayo ekikuru n‘okutunga ebintu ebiine omutindo gw‘obukuumi gw‘amaani ahabw‘akatare n‘okuhwera omu kureeba ngu amagara g‘omuntu n‘obukuumi bw‘ebintu byagumaho. Aha bikwatiraine n’okuhamya oburinzi bw’ebintu nk’omuringo murungi gw’okumaraho ebizibu by’eby’obuhangwa omu by’obushuubuzi bw’ensi yoona, UL nayo neekora omurimo murungi omu kutunguura entunguuka y’obushuubuzi bw’ensi yoona.

UL ekatandikirwaho omu mwaka gwa 1894. Omu kubanza, UL ekaba neekira kwesiga sente ezaabaire ziheebwa ekitongore kya inshuwarensi y’omuriro kubaasa kuguma neekora. Omu mwaka gwa 1916 nibwo UL yaatandikire kwebaasa kimwe. Bwanyima y’okutunguuka haihi emyaka igana, UL ebaire ekitongore ky’okuha orusa ekimanyirwe omu nsi yoona ekiine enkora z’okutegyeka ekitongore ezigumire, entunguuka y’omutindo, n’emiringo y’okuha orusa ebintu. UL neetegyekwa kanso erimu abajwekyerwa kuruga omu bakugu omu by’okwerinda, abakuru ba gavumenti, abaguzi, ekitongore ky’eby’obwegyese, eby’obuheereza bw’abantu boona, eby’obushuubuzi bwa inshuwarensi, n’ebitongore by’omutindo. Emirimo ya buri izooba neekorwa purezidenti n’abahwezi ba purezidenti. Obwahati, UL eine ama laboratory ataano omuri America, kandi ekitebe kyayo ekikuru kiri omu tauni ya Northbrook, omu bukiizi-bwa-bumosho bwa Chicago. Omu bwire nibwo bumwe, amakorero agarikuhikaana n’ebyo gatandikirweho omuri Taiwan na Hong Kong. Omuri America, aha baguzi, akamanyiso ka UL n’akamanyiso k’obukuumi. Omu nsi yoona, UL n‘emwe aha zirikwesigwa munonga ezirikuha okushwijuma okuhikire kw‘abakozi.

Omuringo gwa Logo

Akabonero ka UL nikakira kuhandiikwa aha kintu na/nari aha bipapura by‘ebintu kworeka ngu ekintu kihikire aha rusa rwa UL kandi ngu nikihikiiriza ebirikwetengyesa omu mutindo gw‘obukuumi.

Emiringo y‘okuhamya ebintu bya UL n‘obuheereza bw‘okubigyezaho okukira munonga harimu Okuhandiika, Okumanya, n‘Okushoroora.

Ebiri omubuheereza

Orukarara (ERURANDIKA):

Okutwarira hamwe, okuhandiika nikukwata aha bintu ebihikire n‘ebyoma bitari bimwe na bimwe n‘okutaho ebirikubaasa kuhindurwa nari kuteebwaho omu mwanya n‘abakozi abaine obukugu. Ebintu bitari bimwe na bimwe ebirikushangwa omu buheereza bw‘okuhandiika UL harimu: eby‘okukoresa omu maka, eby‘obujanjabi, kompyuta, eby‘obushuubuzi, n‘ebintu by‘amashanyarazi ebitari bimwe na bimwe ebirikukoresibwa omu byombeko, nk‘enkora z‘okugaba amashanyarazi, fiyuzi, waya, switch, n‘ebindi bikwato by‘amashanyarazi. Aha bintu ebihandiikirwe UL, akamanyiso k‘okuhandiika aka UL nikakira kuhandiikwa ahari buri kintu. Aha bikwatiraine n’okukoresa akamanyiso k’okuhandiika.

Okumanyirwa (Okumanyirwa):

Obuheereza bw‘okumanyisa abantu ni purojekiti eri omu buheereza bwa UL. Ebintu ebimanyirwe nibibaasa kukoresibwa nk‘ebicweka by‘omubiri n‘ebintu ebikozirwe aha runyiriri rwa UL, ebiteirwe omu kicweka, nari ebindi bintu ebimanyirwe. Ebintu ebimanyirwe tibihikire omu nkora nari biine obugarukiro obumwe omu kukozesa kwabyo kureeba ngu byakora gye omu muringo gw‘obukuumi ogurikuteekateekwaho. Omu mbeera nyingi, obuheereza bw‘okukuratirira ebintu ebimanyirwe nibugwa omu kicweka kya R. Ebintu ebimanyirwe ebiri omu kicweka kya L harimu waya z’ebyoma (AVLV2), waya ezikozirwe (ZKLU2), ebikwato by’okuteera waya (ZPFW2), waya z’aluminiyamu (DVVR2), n’ebyoma ebirikuhindukahinduka (DXUZ2). Ebintu ebimanyirwe nibyetengyesa kugira akamanyiso k’okumanyirwa.

Okushoroora (Okushoroora):

Obuheereza bw‘okushoroora nibushwijuma akabi k‘omutaano k‘ekintu kyonka nari nibushwijuma ebintu ebirikukuratira emitindo endiijo (obariiremu emitindo erikumanywa omu nsi yoona nk‘emitindo ya IEC na ISO) etari emitindo ya UL. Okutwarira hamwe, ebintu ebingi ebiteirwe omu kicweka ti bintu ebirikukoresibwa abantu kureka ebirikukoresibwa omu makorero nari omu by‘obushuubuzi. Akabonero k‘okushoroora omu kamanyiso ka UL nikooreka ngu hariho embeera ezimwe ezirikuzibira n‘ebicweka ebimanyirwe obu ekintu kirikumanyirwa UL. Nk‘eky‘okureeberaho, aha bintu by‘emibazi nk‘ebirungo by‘amakorero, omubaro gw‘akabi k‘omuriro ogurikubaasa kubaho ekintu kyahika aha bwire bw‘okwotsya kwakyo nigwo gwonka ogurikukyeberwa. Obuheereza bw‘okushoroora ebintu ebimwe nibushushana n‘obuheereza bw‘okuhandiika, kwonka omu kutwara hamwe, ekicweka kimwe nari bingi by‘ebintu nibyo birikushwijumwa. Nk’eky’okureeberaho, omuri Amerika, eby’okukoresa omu kukyebera endwara ya X-ray omu by’obujanjabi biine kukuratira ebiragiro n’ebiragiro by’eihanga ebirikukwata aha kusheeshasheesha n’okuhikiirira kw’emishana omu ihanga ryona. Kwonka ahabw‘okugira ngu UL neeshoroora X-rays zonka nk‘ebintu ebishorooziibwe, neeshwijuma enshonga zonka nk‘okukora kwazo omu by‘ebyoma, okukora kw‘amashanyarazi, n‘ebindi ebitari by‘okurabira omu mushana.

Okuhandiika bingi, Okumanya bingi, nari Obuheereza bw’okushoroora bingi:

Omuntu orikushaba UL, bwanyima y’okutunga obuheereza bw’okuhandiika, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroora obugambirweho ahaiguru, yaaba naayenda kukora ekintu ahansi y’eiziina rya kampuni endiijo kuhikiiriza ebyetengo by’okuguza, naabaasa kushaba okuhandiikwa emirundi mingi, okumanyirwa emirundi mingi, nari obuheereza bw’okushoroora emirundi mingi. Omu muringo ogu, omukozi owatungire orunyiriri, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroorwa naikirizibwa kukoresa eiziina rya kampuni endiijo omu katabo k’ebintu, kwonka ekintu, okwihaho koodi ya kampuni, koodi y’ebintu, nari obumanyiso obundi obu UL erikureeba ngu nibuikirizana, kiine kuhikaana n’ekintu ekyabandize kuhandiikwa, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroorwa.

"AL" Okuhandiika, Okumanya, nari Obuheereza bw'okushoroora:

Omuntu orikushaba UL yaaba atakwenda kutunga obuheereza bw‘okuhandiika, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroora omu iziina rya kampuni ye, naabaasa kushaba okuhandiikwa, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroora omu iziina ry‘eiziina erindi erya bizinesi (obwire obwingi omushuubuzi nari omuguzi w‘ebintu bingi), nikwo kugira ngu, obuheereza bw‘okuhandiika, okumanyirwa, nari okushoroora "AL". Entaaniso eri ahagati yaayo n‘okuhandiika emirundi mingi, okumanya emirundi mingi, nari obuheereza bw‘okushoroora emirundi mingi n‘okugira ngu orikushaba ti kitongore ekihandiikirwe.

Enkora y'okuha orusa:

Orikushaba naatebeekanisa eky‘okureeberaho --- naatebeekanisa ebintu ebirikuhikaana nabyo --- naatebeekanisa ekigyezo --- naashwijuma ekigyezo n‘ebintu --- naaheza ripooti --- naatebeekanisa okukyebera kw‘ekyombeko --- naatunga satifikeeti.