FCC Drone Import Certification Ekiragiro kisya kyatandika kukora: Endagiiriro yoona ey'okukuratira ebiragiro by'okutwara ebintu by'okuzaanisa omu ihanga rya America

Obwire obuhweire, RTS ekamanya ngu ekiragiro kisya ky’okuha orusa rw’okureeta ebintu kuruga aheeru y’ihanga ekya US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) kyatandika kukora omu butongore nk’oku kyabaire kitebeekanisiibwe, kutandika kukora ebiro 22.12.2025. erimu omu nkora y‘okutegyeka, erikukwata butoosha aha kutunga okukuratira ebiragiro by‘ebintu ebiine akakwate n‘Abachaina ebirikutwarwa omu ihanga rya US Nk‘ekitongore ky‘obukugu ekiine akakwate kakuru n‘okugyezaho okukuratira ebiragiro aha nshonda zoona, RTS eshaziremu enshonga nkuru z‘ebiragiro ebisya omurundi gw‘okubanza, kuha enkora y‘okukuratira ebiragiro erikuhwera omu kushohora kw‘ebintu byabo enpri kandi n’okutunguura gye akatare ka America.

I. Ekikuru omu biragiro bisya: Obwire bw‘okuta omu nkora oburikworeka gye n‘ebizibu ebikuru

Ebyetaago by’okutegyeka ebikuru eby’ebiragiro bisya bya FCC eby’okuha orusa rw’okureeta enyonyi ezitaine bantu omu ihanga nibishoborokyera kimwe kandi nibishoborokyerwa gye, birikuta omutima aha kuzibira okuha orusa n’okutaho obugarukiro bw’okutunga akatare. Ebitongore ebiine akakwate n’okushohoza ebintu aheeru y’ihanga nibyetenga kuta omutima aha nshonga ezi:

Okutandika na Desemba 22, 2025, ebintu byona eby’enyonyi ezitari z’abantu ebirikukorwa aheeru ya Amerika, hatariho kugyendera aha kicweka nari oburemeezi bw’emirimo, nibitwarwa omu nkora y’okuzibira okuha orusa — eki nikitwariramu enyonyi z’okuzaanisa n’ebintu by’okuzaanisa ebirikuguruka ebirikutegyekwa kuruga hare ebirikukorwa omubaro muhango gw’enyonyi z’okuzaanisa ezirikubaasa kuha orusa rwa FCC. Okurugirira aha biragiro bya America ebirikukwataho, ebintu bya drone ebitaine rusa rwa FCC nibizibirwa munonga kutaaha omu katare ka America. Okureeta ebintu omu ihanga omu muringo ogutari mu mateeka nibiija kutunga ebibonerezo by’amaani nk’okukwatwa ebintu, okuha sente, n’okuzibira okubiguza, ekirikukwata butoosha aha nkora y’okushohoza ebintu aheeru y’ihanga hamwe n’entebeekanisa y’akatare k’aheeru y’ihanga kw’ebitongore.

Ni kikuru munonga kumanya ngu okuha orusa rwa FCC n’ekiragiro ky’okuha orusa ekirikuteebwaho omu ihanga rya America aha bikwato ebigyendereirwe kureeta amaani ga radiyo (RF). Enyonyi z’okuzaanisa ezitarikwevuga n’eby’okuzaanisa ebirikuguruka ebirikutegyekwa kuruga hare, ebiine ebikwato bya RF ebirikutegyekwa kuruga hare kandi birikukoresa wireless frequency bands nka 2.4GHz, n’ebintu by’omutaano ebirikwetenga orusa rwa FCC. Okuta omu nkora ekiragiro eki ekisya nikishushana n’okuhamya butoosha omuhanda gw’okutunga ebintu nk’ebyo omu katare ka America.

II. Enkora y‘okukuratira n‘obuhango bw‘okukoresa: Okushweka emiringo yoona y‘ebintu by‘okuzaanisa ebirikuguruka

Ekiragiro kisya kya FCC eky’okuha orusa rw’okureeta enyonyi ezitari z’abantu kuruga aheeru y’ihanga kihangirwe ahansi y’obwebembezi bw’ekitongore ky’entaro ekya America (DoW), n’entandikwa y’okuhamya okutegyeka okureeta enyonyi ezitari z’abantu kuruga aheeru y’ihanga kurugiirira aha by’okwerinda by’eihanga. Okutaana n'ebiragiro ebyabaireho enyima ebirikukwataho, okujanjaaza kw'ekiragiro eki ekisya nikwingi munonga, nikuhenda enteekateeka y'obuhangwa ey'okugira ngu "okutegyeka enyonyi z'omurembe gw'ahaiguru zonka" kandi nikukora enkora y'okutegyeka erimu buri kimwe:

N’obu enyonyi z’okuzaanisa ezitari z’abantu n’ez’okuzaanisa ezirikuguruka ezirikutegyekwa kuruga hare ziraabe zitaine mirimo y’obukugu nk’okucondooza ebiri hare, okutegyeka ebiri hare, n’okujanjaaza amakuru ebiri omu nkora y’enyonyi ezitari z’abantu (UAS), kandi ziri ez’okuzaanisa ez’okuguruka ez’omurembe gwonka ez’okushemererwa kw’abaana n’okuhuumuraho, nizo zikiri omu nkora y’okuhuumuraho. Eki nikimanyisa ngu amakorero goona aga China agarikukora eby’okuzaanisa ebitarikwevuga n’eby’okuzaanisa ebirikuguruka ebirikutegyekwa kuruga hare ebiine bizinesi y’okubitwara aheeru y’ihanga omuri America biine kureebana n’oburemeezi bw’okukuratira ebiragiro ebireetsirweho ekiragiro eki ekisya, kukora entebeekanisa kare, n’okwetantara ebirikuremesa okubitwara aheeru y’ihanga ahabw’okubura okukuratira ebiragiro.

III.Okushoboorora okukuratira ebiragiro: Ebiragiro by‘okushaba kw‘okwikirizibwa/okushohozibwa kwa FCC

Okurugirira aha bigarukwamu kuruga omu bicweka bitari bimwe na bimwe eby’eby’obushuubuzi, FCC eyetegyereize gye oburemeezi obwabuzima obu eby’obushuubuzi bw’eby’okuzaanisa birikutunga kandi hati eshobooroire gye omuringo gw’okukuratira ebiragiro: abakozi b’eby’okuzaanisa n’eby’okureeberaho nibabaasa kushaba omu muringo gw’okwetaanisaho okwikiriza nari okushohozibwa ahabw’ebintu ebikwatsirweho kurugiirira aha nkora z’orutaro ezirikukwataho bwanyima y’ekitongore ky’okushohoza eby’okuzaanisa ekya buriijo, kugarukamu. Twakwatanisa n‘okumanya kwa RTS omu kuheereza okukuratira ebiragiro, twongyeire kushoroora omu nkora y‘okushaba n‘ebintu ebikuru kuhwera amakorero kuheza gye okushaba:

(1) Emihanda y’okushaba eri omu butongore

Email y’okushaba: drones@fcc.gov (Ebitongore nibibaasa kuhayo ebihandiiko by’okushaba butunu kandi bibuuze ebibuuzo ebiine akakwate n’eki kurabira omu email egi);

Ekihandiiko ky‘obuhabuzi obutongore: UAS-Guidance-Submissions-Conditional-Approvals.pdf (Nikibaasa kutunga kurabira aha mukutu gwa FCC ogutongore nari aha imeiyiru y‘okushaba eri aharuguru. Ekihandiiko nikishoboorora gye amakuru makuru nk‘omuringo gw‘okushaba n‘ebintu ebirikwetengyesa. Noobaasa n‘okutugambira kubitunga kyaba nikyetengyesa).

(2) Ebikuru eby‘okukoresa (Ta omutima aha kwetebeekanisa kureeba ngu omubaro gw‘okwikirizibwa)

Ekigyendererwa kikuru ky’ebihandiiko by’okushaba n’okuhamiza FCC n’ekitongore ky’entaro ekya America ngu ekintu eki kiri omu kicweka ky’ebintu by’okuzaanisa ebishemeire kandi ngu tikiine murimo n’obushoboorozi bw’okuta omu kabi oburinzi bw’eihanga rya America. Nahabwekyo, amakorero nigayetenga kuta omutima aha kutebeekanisa emiringo y‘ebintu 7 egi kureeba ngu amakuru gahikire, gahikire kandi gahikire:

• Oburemeezi bw‘ekintu Enshoboorora: Taho akamanyiso karungi aha buremeezi bwenyini bw‘ekintu. Oburemeezi bw’ekintu kyaba kiri ahansi ya giraamu 250, nikibaasa kushoboororwa omurundi gumwe ngu ekintu tikirikwetengyesa kukuratira ebiragiro by’okuhandiikisa eby’ekitongore ky’enyonyi ekya US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), kugira ngu kiyongyere kuhamya omutwarize gwakyo ogw’okuzaanisa;
• Ebirikumanyisa okukora kw’enyonyi: Ha amakuru g’orugyendo rw’enyonyi orutari rwa buriijo kushoboorora ngu ekintu kiine orugyendo rukye rw’enyonyi kandi ngu tikiine bushoborozi bw’okutegyeka orugyendo ruraingwa;
• Enshoboorora y‘okutebeekanisa emirimo: Orunyiriri rw‘emirimo y‘ekintu omu bwijwire, orikuta omutima aha kushoboorora ngu ekintu tikiine kamera, tikiine GPS, tikiine okujanjaaza amakuru aha mikutu n‘emirimo endiijo, kandi kiine emirimo y‘okubanza ey‘okutegyeka enyonyi kuruga hare yonka;
• Enshoboorora y‘obushoboorozi bw‘okutwara emigugu: Yoreka gye ngu ekintu tikiine bushoborozi bw‘okutwara emigugu n‘okukitwara, kugira ngu kyongyere kukitaanisa n‘emirimo y‘omugasho ey‘enyonyi z‘omurembe;
• Enshoboorora y’amagara ga battery: Ha emihendo y’amagara ga battery emwe kuhamya ngu ekintu kiine amagara makye kandi ngu nikibaasa kukoresibwa omu by’okweshemeza eby’obwire bukye;
• Enkora z‘okukoresa ebintu: Taho akamanyiso karungi aha makuru g‘omugasho nk‘emyaka y‘abaana erikukoresibwa (nk‘eky‘okureeberaho, emyaka 3-14), enkora z‘okukoresa (z‘okukoresa omu nju zonka), n‘ebyetaago by‘okukoresa (okureeberera kw‘abantu bakuru) kuhamya okutaho emitwarize y‘okuzaanisa;
• Satifikeeti y‘okukuratira oburinzi: Ha ripooti z‘okukyebera ezihikire ezirikworeka ngu ekintu nikikuratira emitindo y‘ensi yoona ey‘obukuumi bw‘ebintu by‘okuzaanisa. Omuri ebyo, omutindo gwa ASTM F963, nk’omutindo gw’obukuumi ogw’obujunaanizibwa aha katare k’eby’okuzaanisa omuri US, n’ekintu ekikuru ekirikuhagira — omutindo ogu gwine ebirikwetengyesa bigumire aha bintu bitari bimwe na bimwe eby’okuzaanisa nk’omutindo gw’ebintu, obutwa, okukwatwa omuriro, n’amaani g’amashanyarazi/okwotsya, ebirikubaasa kuhamya omu bwijwire eby’okuzaanisa attribute n’okukoresa eby’okuzaanisa n’okuhikiiriza eby’okuzaanisa.

  IV. Okwijutsya kw‘obugwagye n‘obushagiki bw‘okukuratira RTS: Yetantare akabi kandi ogyende omu nsi yoona omu muringo murungi

Okugaita n‘ebicweka by‘ebiragiro ebisya n‘okumanya kw‘obuheereza bw‘amakorero, RTS neeijutsya n‘obugwagye kandi neeha ebiteekateeko by‘okukuratira ebiragiro ebi aha bizinesi ezirikushohoza ebintu aheeru y‘ihanga kubahwera kugarukamu gye ekiragiro kisya:

1. Okushohozibwa kw’ebintu ebiine orusa oruriho: Eby’okuzaanisa ebiine akakwate n’ekitongore n’ebintu by’okuzaanisa ebirikuguruka ebirikutegyekwa kuruga hare byaheza kutunga orusa rwa FCC omu 2025, kandi n’omuringo gw’ebintu n’ebintu ebikuru (nk’oburemeezi, omurimo, okukora) byaba bitahindukire, tihariho kwetenga kugaruka kushaba orusa oru rusya nari 2025. kandi nizibaasa kugumizamu nizitwarwa omu katare ka America nk’oku kiri; ebirikukorwaho byahinduka, okukuratira ebiragiro nikwija kugaruka kukyeberwa omu bwire.
2. Tebeekanisa kare kandi ogarukyemu n‘obwegyendesereza: Ebitongore ebirikutwara ebintu aheeru y‘ihanga ebirikukwataho nibyetenga kukyebera ebirikwetengyesa omu kiragiro kisya ahonaaho nk‘oku kirikubaasika, kushoroora omu bwijwire orunyiriri rw‘ebintu ebi barikutwara aheeru y‘ihanga, kushoboorora ebintu ebi barikwetenga kushaba kwikiriza nari okushohozibwa, kutebeekanisa ebintu bitari bimwe na bimwe eby‘okushaba omu bwire, n‘okutebeekanisa reservab a recommende ( buffer period y‘ameezi 1-2) okwetantara okuteganisa omuhimbo gw‘okushohoza ahabw‘okukyerererwa kukozesa.
3. Yesiga okugyezibwa kw‘abakugu kutunguura okukora gye kw‘okukuratira ebiragiro: Satifikeeti y‘okukuratira ebiragiro by‘obukuumi (nka ripoota y‘okukyebera ASTM F963) omu bihandiiko by‘okushaba n‘omusingi gw‘okushwijuma, ekirikukwata butoosha aha mubaro gw‘okwikirizibwa.

RTS neija kugumizamu neeta omutima aha nkora z‘okuhinduka kandi ehe obushagiki n‘obuhwezi oburikwetengwa aha bizinesi. Waaba nooyenda kwongyera kwetegyereza ebikwatiraine n’ebiragiro ebisya, omuringo gw’okushaba, okutunguura eby’okukoresa n’obuheereza obundi, hurira oine obugabe kutugambira.